M-NFT (Model-as-NFT)

🧠 What is M-NFT?

M-NFT is ASTRAI’s core asset abstraction: every trained AI model is encapsulated as a tokenized, programmable, composable NFT, making it:

  • Ownable → Creators, fine-tuners, and DAO backers are recorded as co-owners

  • Monetizable → Any usage generates revenue that flows to stakeholders

  • Composable → Can be used across dApps, protocols, or nested in agent structures

  • Programmable → Can enforce access control, royalty rules, retraining logic, governance, etc.


📦 M-NFT Structure

Layer
Description

Token Layer

ERC-721 or ERC-6551 token (with smart contract extensions)

Metadata Layer

Includes:

  • Model architecture (e.g., LLaMA-2, Whisper)

  • Checkpoint hash

  • Training dataset references

  • Contributor list + weights

  • Inference endpoint info

  • Access rights

Storage Layer

  • Weights stored on Arweave/IPFS/Filecoin

  • Signed training logs + dataset hashes stored on-chain or verifiable data layer

Logic Layer

Smart contracts define:

  • Usage permissions (open, allowlist, pay-per-call)

  • Royalty splits

  • Retraining/upgrading protocol

  • Governance & transfer conditions


🔐 Usage & Licensing Framework

M-NFT enforces on-chain access control and usage rights, allowing for:

  • Open Access: Anyone can call the model via endpoint

  • Token-Gated Access: Only holders of specific tokens/NFTs (e.g. DAO members) can use

  • Pay-per-Call: Usage metered via off-chain logs + signed receipts (oracles), payment streamed to contributors

  • Subscription Licensing: Optional ERC-4907 style lease contracts for time-based model rental

All calls are:

  • Logged and hashed by gateway (e.g., API Gateway or Rollup-based zk proof system)

  • Verified against M-NFT logic

  • Billed and routed via smart contracts


⚙️ Key Tech Integrations

Feature
Technology

Ownership & Revenue Splits

ERC-721 / ERC-6551 + royalty extensions (like EIP-2981, or custom split contracts)

Access Control

Tokenbound accounts (TBA) + permission logic (EIP-5192)

Endpoint Enforcement

Gateway middleware signs all usage, logs back to chain (or L2)

Retraining Logic

Contributors can vote to “upgrade” model, replace checkpoint hash, and fork as new M-NFT

Revenue Streaming

Superfluid / Sablier compatible flows for real-time inference fee streaming

Governance Over Model

Optional M-NFT-level subDAO (based on token delegations or voting weights)


🔁 Lifecycle of an M-NFT


💰 Revenue Distribution Example

Suppose a model is co-trained by 3 parties:

  • Alice (architecture + base training): 50%

  • Bob (fine-tuning specialist): 30%

  • DAO Treasury (compute subsidy): 20%

Every time the model is called:

  1. API usage is logged → signed by gateway

  2. User pays in $ASTRA → smart contract verifies + routes funds

  3. Each party receives automatic share (instant or streaming)

✅ No need for off-chain SaaS billing — protocol-native inference economy.


🧬 Model Forking & Composability

  • Models can be forked into new NFTs with different checkpoints (e.g., further fine-tuned versions)

  • Child M-NFTs can opt to stream revenue back to parent (inheritance or upstream royalty)

  • Models can be composed into multi-agent systems or chained into larger AI workflows (graph execution)

M-NFT becomes the "ERC20 of AI intelligence": composable, traceable, programmable.


🧩 Future Enhancements (Planned in ASTRAI Phase 3+)

  • zkML Proofs: On-chain attestation of inference results via zkML circuits

  • Agent-bound NFTs: Combine model + behavior logic for on-chain autonomous agents

  • Model Fusion Logic: Cross-model ensembles with shared revenue trees

  • On-chain Reputation Score: Based on usage, accuracy, feedback loops (feedback-to-earn)

  • Fully On-chain Inference (L2 Optimistic / zk Compute)


🚀 Why M-NFT Matters

AI models are no longer just weights and files — they are programmable, composable, value-generating digital primitives.

With M-NFT, ASTRAI unlocks:

  • Permissionless AI economies

  • Model contributor monetization

  • Shared governance over critical AI infrastructure

  • Crypto-native composability for AI tooling

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